Chisel

(c. 7500 B.C.E.)

The chisel evolves into a common construction tool.

The Paleolithic epoch, which spans a huge period of evolutionary history from before the first Homo sapiens to around 10,000 B.C.E., is when chisel-like tools first appeared. Stone tools were being created and improved by people during this time, and they were eventually becoming more specialised. Other materials were also employed, and in Southern France, close to the settlement of Aurignac, bone chisels from around 30,000 B.C.E. have been discovered. Although it is very difficult to pinpoint the exact time, it is believed that chisels, as we know them now, were being used quite often by about 7500 B.C.E.

By the time of the Bronze Age, there were many other types of chisels, such as gouges—chisels with curved blades—and tanged chisels, which have a collar connecting the blade to the handle.According to the Greek architect Manolis Korres, the ancient Greeks' chisels were really sharper and more durable than those in use today. By examining tool marks in marble when repairing the Parthenon, Korres recreated a variety of historic tools. It goes without saying that the ancient Greeks needed specialised equipment to build their famous temple in the Acropolis.

Carpenters in the Middle Ages used what are known as "former" chisels. These were used to carve tough wood because they had large, flared blades. Wood might be shaped and finished with a mallet and heavier implements referred to as "firmer" chisels. Other chisels were available as well for precise and specialised work.The chisel hasn't changed much since the Middle Ages, however a modern DIY store is likely to have a smaller assortment of tools than a mediaeval carpenter's workshop did.